Topology: Emergent Features of Electrical Transmission and Distribution Losses in Response to Population Density

Abstract

Electric transmission and distribution losses are present during power distribution to its consumers, especially in remote areas. These areas require lengthy connectivity to supply. Using Complex Adaptive System (CAS), the study aimed to determine the complexity of the electric transmission and distribution losses and the population density of the countries because of the changing environment. The researchers used 130 countries from the World Bank Database for the year 2014 as agents. Researchers measured the interaction between these agents using synergy calculator. Countries with less synergy than the threshold value are “non-connected” while “connected” countries are those who meet the threshold. A histogram was used to show the graphical representation of these agents and was then used to determine clusters. Emergent features for micro-levels by describing their scatterplots were Population Topology, categorized as Spread and Compact. At the macro level, the Emergent Behavior of Electrical Loss is High and Low. Electrical loss is at its minimum when the population density is higher, says evidence from clusters 1, 2, and the general scatterplot.